The global economy started cooling off in 2022 and it is expected that we might end up in a recession in 2023. However, there is nothing new about recessions and the cyclical manner in which the world economy operates over the years. What we are currently experiencing has been experienced before and governments, businesses and...
It is estimated that Kenya generates between 3,000 to 4,000 tons of waste per day, majority of which originates from urban areas. According to World Bank, the country’s capital, Nairobi generates between 2,000 to 2,500 tons of waste day. The portion is significant to the total waste generated in the country as a result of...
Despite the successes that were seen in the Tokyo round, it had challenges that clearly highlighted the in-ability of the GATT system to liberalize trade. These shortcomings were a clearer indication that a body with a wider mandate than that of the GATT, and with stronger enforceable rules was needed. It left vague forms on...
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions pose several potential economic and environmental risks to property, human health, agricultural productivity, and the ecosystem. Carbon pricing transfers the cost of the damage caused by GHG emissions back to those responsible. Instead of dictating who should reduce emissions where and how, a carbon price sends an economic signal to emitters,...
Kenya actively participates in international trade to expand its market and have access to products that it lacks domestically. In 2021, the country’s total export was estimated at USD 6.739 billion with horticulture and tea among its leading export items valued at approximately USD 1.4 billion and USD 1.1billion, respectively. In that same year goods...
For countries to arrive at a consensus on trade agreements they have to sit down at the bilateral or multilateral level first. Initially, rounds of trade negotiations that were done under General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) involved the member countries exchanging a list of requests and offers on products that were of interest...
Africa’s infrastructure development remains severely deficient, with an estimated need for infrastructure investment of more than USD 100 billion. Like the region’s internet development since the early 2000s, the rest of the sectors particularly transportation infrastructure; must be well established to reap the enormous benefits of connectivity. A good internet connectivity ensures faster and more...
According to the World Bank there were fifty regional trade agreements in force by 1990; with recent data from the World Trade Organization (WTO) putting the number of regional trade agreements in force at 354 as at March 2022. One such major trade agreement signed recently is The Africa Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA). This continental...
To combat climate change, trillions of dollars in climate investment must be leveraged; as well as climate change transparency and accountability in order to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of climate finance. Transparency and accountability are pivotal due to the fundamental imbalance of power within and across nations. Improvement of both values is required to empower...
Economic circularity seeks to transform the current linear model of production and consumption by focusing on three main principles: reducing consumption of finite material resources, recovering materials from waste through recycling, and extending product life through reuse. It examines the transition from a linear to a circular economy, which provides a value chain approach to...